As of Saturday afternoon, the status of the pilots and crew on the aircraft had not yet been released by officials.

The accident occurred around 1:20 p.m. Saturday during Wings Over Dallas, an annual three-day air show at Dallas Executive Airport (KRBD), featuring World War II aircraft.

• Gallery: Wings Over Houston 2021

In a report immediately following the event, the Dallas Morning News said video of the incident showed the P-63 hitting the B-17 while making a turn. The nose of the bomber broke off “and the plane’s wings erupted into flames as they hit the ground,” the newspaper reported.

The videos are heartbreaking,” Dallas Mayor Eric Johnson said in a message on social media. “Please, say a prayer for the souls who took to the sky to entertain and educate our families today.”

As many of you have now seen, we have had a terrible tragedy in our city today during an airshow. Many details remain unknown or unconfirmed at this time. The @NTSB has taken command of the crash scene with @DallasPD and @DallasFireRes_q continuing to provide support.

— Mayor Eric Johnson (@Johnson4Dallas) November 12, 2022

Following the incident, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) took command of the crash site, as the Dallas Police Department and the Dallas Fire and Rescue provided support, Johnson said.

The NTSB and the FAA have both launched investigations into the accident, according to reports.

“At this time, it is unknown how many people were on both aircraft,” the FAA said in a statement following the crash., CNN reported.

• READ MORE: Remembering the Mighty Men of the 381st Bomb Group

The post B-17, P-63 Collide at Wings Over Dallas appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Levi’s Men’s Faux Leather Aviator Bomber Jacket: It’s warm and features multiple pockets with snap closures, upper zipper pockets, welt pockets, and a hidden interior pocket.

Oakley SI Jupiter Squared Aviator Sunglasses for Men: The lenses provide optical clarity and razor-sharp vision as well as clarity and protection against impact and UV light.

SOJOS Retro Aviator Sunglasses for Women: The lenses filter out sunlight reflected glare and protect eyes from long term damage by blocking UVA and UVB rays.

Four-Channel Remote Control Airplane for Beginners: This classic airplane has a simple operation mode that only needs to press the switch and pull the stick to easily control the aircraft’s aerobatics. (Only good on 7/16)

MiiKARE Airplane Travel Essentials Phone Holder: This essential travel phone holder is designed to free up your hands and enhance your travel experience. It features multi-directional and 360-degree rotation.

Protective Hard Shell for MacBook Air: This shell from SoonJet fits snugly like a second skin, allows easy access to all ports and ensures smooth opening and closing. (only good on 7/16)

Small Portable Charger with Built-in Cables: Sethruki boasts that this is the slimmest and the smallest of portable chargers with cables, weighing only 122 grams and shaped like a credit card. (only good on 7/16)

Editor’s note: This article is not intended as an endorsement of the products listed, but rather as a list of options that may be of interest.

The post Top 7 Prime Day 2024 Deals for Pilots appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Looking to become a pilot but don’t think you have time? Online ground courses can be an easy and flexible way to tackle the academic side of pilot training without scheduled classes. Below are a few of the best online pilot ground school courses you can complete anywhere.

Quicklook: 6 Online Private Pilot Ground Schools

• Pilot Institute: Best for students looking for a different approach with 24/7 support
• Sporty’s: Best for students wanting unlimited access and a combination of video and written learning. 
• Gold Seal: Best for students who learn by doing due to the interactive lesson platform.
• Rod Machado’s eLearning Course: Best for students looking for an interactive private pilot course with a comedic edge. 
• King Schools: Best for students looking to complete their online ground school quickly. 
• Gleim Aviation: Best for students looking for an affordable online private pilot ground school.

6 Private Pilot Ground School Recommendations

Here are a few of our picks for online private pilot ground school courses.

Pilot Institute Online Course

Pilot Institute takes a different approach than most online private pilot ground schools. Training with shorter videos encourages students to learn comprehensively and not just through memorization. Pilot Institute guarantees students will pass the FAA knowledge exam if they do not, students will receive a full refund—and a little extra.

Website: Pilot institute

Instructor: Multiple

Expected Hours for Completion: 35

Subscription Duration: Lifetime

Course List: 

• Introduction to Flight Training
• Basic Aerodynamics, Aerodynamic Forces, Weight & Balance, and Performance & Limitations
• Regulation, Inspections & Documents, Aeromedical Factors, and Aeronautical Decision Making
• Weather Theory, Weather Services, Airport Operations, and Radio Communications
• Airspace, Charts, Navigation, Flight Computer & Cross-Country Planning

Standout Features: [what makes this one special?]

• You’re guaranteed to pass the test or you’ll get $175 and a full refund. 
• Online mentorship for any questions or concerns. 
• Exclusive flashcard app for iPhone and Android users

Pricing: $349

Sporty’s Online Courses

Sporty’s Pilot Shop is a one stop shop for all things pilot gear and education. This online private pilot course offers unlimited free updates, live CFI questions, and dynamic video. When you complete the course, Sporty’s will give you the flight instructor endorsement to take the knowledge test.

Website: Sporty’s Private Pilot Course

Instructors: Multiple

Expected Hours for Completion: 29 

Subscription Duration: Lifetime

Course List: 

• Your First Few Hours
• Practicing Landings
• Your First Solo
• Recreational and Sport
• Your Dual Cross Countries
• Your Solo Cross Countries
• Private Pilot Test

Standout Features: 

• Money-back guarantee (Pass all three tests or get your money back)
• Free lifetime updates
• Ask a live CFI anytime

Pricing: $279

Gold Seal

Gold Seal’s ground courses are designed with new pilots in mind with interactive lessons and access to a ground instructor. The program allows for “test classes” to make sure the private pilot ground school is the right fit for the student. Gold Seal guarantees students will pass their FAA private pilot knowledge test, or they will receive a full refund plus a little extra. 

Website: Gold Seal

Instructors: Russell Still

Expected Hours for Completion: 18+

Subscription Duration: 1 Year—with the ability to choose subscription-based access 

Course List: 

• Getting Started
  • Pilot Qualifications
  • Aircraft Parts
  • Aerodynamics
  • Instrument Panel
• Your First Few Hours
  • Zulu Time/Phonetic Alphabet
  • Charts
  • Airport Operations
• Skill Building
  • Engine Systems
  • Ground Maneuvers
  • Turns
  • Recoveries
• Aviation Weather
• Real World Flying
  • VOR
  • GPS
  • Night Flight
  • Flight Plans
• Passing Your Test

Standout Features: 

• Interactive lessons with 3D in-flight video
• Subscription Service to give lifetime access with a fee 
• Guaranteed to pass or get a full refund plus more

Price: $229

Rod Machado’s eLearning Course

Rod Machado’s Private Pilot Ground School is an upbeat and comedic compilation of ground school classes. This course allows prospective pilots to gain knowledge needed for FAA knowledge and oral exams with interactive video eLearning. At the end of 40 hours, students will gain the endorsement needed to take the FAA exams. 

Website: Rod Machado

Instructor: Rod Machado and Philip E. Hewitt

Expected Hours for Completion: 40

Subscription Duration: Lifetime

Course List:

• Aerodynamics: The Wing is the Thing 
• Engines: Knowledge of Engines Is Power 
• Electrical Systems: Knowing What’s Watt 
• Flight Instruments: Clocks, Tops & Toys
• Federal Aviation Regulations: How FAR Can We Go? 
• Airport Operations: No Doctor Needed
• Radio Operations: Aviation Spoken Here
• Airspace: The Wild Blue, Green and Red Yonder 
• Aviation Maps: The Art of the Chart 
• Radio Navigation: The Frequency Flier Program
• Understanding Weather: Looking for Friendly Skies 
• Weather Charts and Briefings: PIREPS, Progs, and METARS 
• Flight Planning: Getting There From Here
• Airplane Performance Charts: Know Before You Go
• Weight and Balance: Let’s Wait and Balance 
• Pilot Potpourri: Neat Aeronautical Information

Standout Features: 

• Animated and Interactive eLearning 
• 1,200-plus FAA-like knowledge questions 
• Upbeat and comedic

Pricing: $279

King Schools Online Courses

King School’s ground courses are some of the most well known in the aviation community. The instructors, John King and Martha King, have more than 40 years of experience teaching and training pilots. The program also offers a full refund within 30 days if you do not like the private pilot course. 

Website: King Schools 

Instructors: John King and Martha King

Expected Hours for Completion: 15 

Subscription Duration: Lifetime

Course List: 

• Aerodynamics
• Aircraft Performance
• Airspace
• Communications & Radar Services
• How to Read & Understand Sectional Charts
• Flight Operations
• FAA Regulations
• Safe Flight Operations
• Navigation
• Weight and Balance

Standout Features: 

• Unlimited randomized practice exams
• Free lifetime automatic course updates
• Free Flash Card app for additional review

Price: $600

Gleim Aviation Courses

Gleim Aviation offers one of the most affordable online private pilot courses out there. With fully integrated mixed media courses, accurate practice tests, and comprehensive study guides, Gleim may be best fit for students looking to save money without compromising quality. 

Website: Gleim Aviation 

Instructors: Multiple 

Expected Hours for Completion: 35 

Subscription Duration: 12 Months – Repurchase Extension for Lower Cost

Course List: 

• Airplanes and Aerodynamics
• Airplane Instruments, Engines, and Systems
• Airports, Air Traffic Control, and Airspace
• Federal Aviation Regulations
• Airplane Performance and Weight and Balance
• Aeromedical Factors and Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
• Aviation Weather
• Aviation Weather Services
• Navigation: Charts and Publications
• Navigation Systems
• Cross-Country Flight Planning

Standout Features:

• Free Trial 
• Mixed media presentation format
• Receive FAA Wings program credit

Pricing: $125

Is An Online Private Pilot Ground School Better?

Online ground school may be the best fit for students looking to start their training but who have minimal time and need to work at their own pace. Online ground schools give the flexibility to learn anywhere. Pilot ground school is where pilots learn the fundamentals of flying before hopping into the cockpit. Topics such as aeronautical decision making, interpreting charts, understanding weather briefs, and how to plan a flight are all subjects in ground school courses. Most ground school classes are designed to prepare students for the written (knowledge) and oral questions often posed during FAA check rides.

What to Consider With Online Ground School

The first thing to consider when choosing an online ground school is how you learn. Visual learners may have the most success with video and interactive courses, while those who can grasp concepts by reading may succeed with textual online ground schools. 

Students who ask lots of questions should find an online private pilot ground school with live instructors to answer questions. 

Instructor

Online ground school courses range from single instructor to multiple depending on the program. Ensuring the instructor fits your learning style will set you up for success. The best way to find out if an online ground school instructor is the right fit for your learning style is by watching or skimming the free excerpts that most online ground schools offer.

Core Lessons

Core lessons are important to look at before purchasing an online ground school course. Ensuring the alignment of courses with the topics on the FAA knowledge exam is important to ensure the course will be successful in teaching the fundamentals. Main topics of a good online private pilot ground school will include: aerodynamics, airspace, and weather. These are key topics on FAA exams. 

Additional Materials

Some online ground schools provide additional materials to help students study and understand topics fully. Some of the extra materials provided include:

• Flashcard Apps
• Digital PDFs of written materials
• Live instructors 
• Interactive videos and maps
• Flight instructor tracking
• Lifetime updates

Pricing

Online private pilot ground schools vary in price depending on the school providing instruction. Pricing for online ground can range from $125 to $1,000. While online ground schools offer different features, the higher the price does not always mean more materials. Pricing can be a factor when deciding which ground school to choose, but it is best to choose an online private pilot ground school based on your learning style, not price alone. 

Online Ground School vs Physical Ground School

Physical ground school and online ground school are very similar. The materials in both will cover the same topics to ensure students pass the FAA knowledge and oral exams. The main difference between physical ground school and online ground school is the time commitment. Physical ground school requires an in person instructor with little room for flexibility. Online ground schools allow students to complete ground school at their own pace while still obtaining an endorsement to take FAA knowledge exams. The ability to ask questions while learning may be an upside for physical ground school, but now, a lot of online ground schools give the options for live chats with instructors. 

Start Your Online Ground School Journey Today

Whether or not you are looking to save time and money or you just learn better at your own pace, online pilot ground classes may be the best option for you. To learn more about aviation education and how you can become a certified pilot subscribe to the FLYING Newsletter. 

FAQ

The post 6 Online Private Pilot Ground School Options appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Are you looking to make real estate properties stand out? Consider drone photography! Drones take real estate photography to new heights by capturing alluring aerial photographs of residential and commercial properties alike. 

But not all real estate drones are equal. Check out this guide to discover the five best real estate drones on the market today.

Quicklook: Best Drone for Real Estate

• Best For High-Quality Images: DJI Air 2S 
• Best For Budget-Friendly Entry-Level Drone: Contixo F24 Pro 
• Best For First-Person View Shots: DJI FPV 
• Best For Longest Flight Time: Autel Evo 2 Pro 
• Best For High-Quality Video Footage: DJI Phantom 4 Pro

5 Best Drones for Real Estate 

These five drones for real estate take captivating shots that will entice buyers viewing various real estate properties. 

DJI Air 2S

Best For: High-Quality Images and Video With Built-In Flight Modes and Safety Measures

The DJI Air 2S is an incredibly user-friendly drone that doesn’t cost more than $1,000. It sports a 1” CMOS 20MP camera, which allows for sharp images and recordings. 

By using the DJI Fly app in tandem with the drone, you can fly this drone automatically. It can travel in predetermined patterns or circle a specific area with ease, allowing you to focus on the photography element of the drone. The DJI Air 2S also automatically limits the drone’s capabilities in zones with flight restrictions, but you can also turn this function off.

Skill Level: Beginner

Flight Time: 31 minutes

Camera Quality: 1” CMOS 20MP camera

Special Features: 

• Master Shots feature which compiles your shots into a short video
• ADS-B AirSense, which receives data from nearby aircraft and uses this to stay clear from them
• Limits flight in restricted zones by default

Benefits: 

• Six different photography modes
• Four video resolutions, including 5.4K @30 fps 
• Can record up to 1 Billion colors thanks to the 10-bit Dlog-m color profile
• Customizable key-bindings and settings via DJI fly app
• Return home function
• Automated flight modes
• Memory expandable
• 4-direction detection system to avoid collisions
• 3-axis gimbal for a stable image when tilting the camera angle
• Foldable design

Disadvantages: 

•  Battery takes 70 mins to reach a full charge
•  Bulky controller 

Contixo F24 Pro

Best For: Entry-Level Drone at a Budget Price

The Contixo F24 Pro is a great drone for anyone who’s just starting out and doesn’t want to make a huge commitment. It captures high-quality images and recordings for its price as well. 

However, it’s worth mentioning that the Contixo F24 Pro is slightly harder to use because it does not come with any obstacle avoidance sensors. Even so, it does have some advanced features that you’d usually only find with pricier drones, like automated flight modes and gesture control. 

Skill Level: Intermediate 

Flight Time: 28 minutes

Camera Quality: 8.3MP camera

Special Features: 

•  Foldable remote control
•  Budget-priced
•  Comes with a storage bag

Benefits: 

• Photos up to 4K quality
• 2.7K video resolution at a budget price
• Foldable design
• Automated flight modes 
• Gesture control
• Return home function

Disadvantages:

• No gimbal system for camera
• Requires smartphone to use properly
• Single-shot photography only 
• No extra video resolutions
• No obstacle avoidance
• Significantly harder to control

DJI FPV

Best For: First-Person View Shots and Indoor Photography

The DJI FPV is a unique camera drone with a design that prioritizes first-person viewing. Not only that, but it also comes with DJI FPV goggles, which allow you to make very accurate shots and videos. 

The drone also comes with a remote control, but you can purchase an optional motion controller if you prefer that. The DJI FPV is equipped with a ½” Cmos 12MP camera for beautiful 4K images and recordings. This drone is even small enough to use indoors as long as you can control it properly.

Skill Level: Intermediate 

Flight Time: 20 minutes

Camera Quality: 12MP camera

Special Features: 

•  VR-like experience through DJI FPV goggles
•  Optional motion controller
•  Super wide field of vision at 150 degrees
• Three different flight modes for different skill levels
• ADS-B AirSense, which receives data from nearby aircraft and uses this to stay clear from them.

Benefits:

• FHD recordings at 120fps & 4K recordings at 60fps
• 4K quality Photographs
• Return home function
• Memory is expandable
• Forwards and downwards obstacle avoidance
• Allows close up view of footage
• Easily replaceable parts make for cheap repairs

Disadvantages: 

•  Single-axis gimbal
•  Only has single-shot photography
•  Harder to control because of limited obstacle avoidance

Autel Robotics EVO II Pro

Best For: Longest Flight Time with High-Quality Footage

The Autel Evo II Pro comes with a longer battery life than most camera drones, allowing for a flight time of 40 minutes. It comes equipped with a 1” CMOS 20MP camera, making it possible for you to capture sharp images and recordings. 

The Evo II Pro’s basic functions don’t require the use of a smartphone because the controller comes with a built-in screen. It also has automated flight modes, allowing you to focus on the footage you’re capturing instead of prioritizing the flying element. 

Skill Level: Intermediate

Flight Time: 40 minutes

Camera Quality: 1” CMOS 20MP camera

Special Features: 

• Controller comes with a built-in screen 
•  360 degrees sensors for obstacle avoidance
•  Gesture commands

Benefits: 

• Six different photography modes
• Four different video resolutions, including 6K @30 fps
• Smartphone app adds features but is not required for basic use
• Return home function
• Automated flight modes
• Memory expandable
• Can record up to 1 billion colors 
• 10-bit Dlog-m color profile
• Adjustable aperture range for quality images in every lighting situation
• 3-axis gimbal for a stable image when tilting the camera angle 
• Foldable design

Disadvantages: 

•  Expensive
•  Requires a smartphone for full functionality
•  Does not automatically limit you in zones with flight restrictions

DJI Phantom 4 Pro v2.0

Best For: High-Quality Video Footage With the Largest Repertoire of Flight Functions

The DJI Phantom 4 Pro comes equipped with a 1” CMOS 20MP camera and multiple intelligent sensors. As such, it can capture the clearest and sharpest videos around. 

Additionally, it has automated flight modes and functionalities, all while the specialized propellers reduce the drone’s noise on the footage. You can control the Phantom 4 Pro with just your smartphone; no remote control is needed, although one is supplied. It is bigger and heavier than most drones on this list, but it is best equipped for video footage.

Skill Level: Beginner

Flight Time: 30 minutes 

Camera Quality: 1” CMOS 20MP camera

Special Features:

• Will retrace its route in case of signal loss
• Can take photographs while recording videos
• Can use smartphone or tablet instead of remote control
• Low noise propellers reduce sound by 60%

Benefits: 

• Six different photography modes
• Four different video resolutions, including 4K at 60fps
• Heavier and sturdier design makes it function better in stronger winds
• Return home function
• Extended automated flight modes
• Memory expandable
• 3-axis gimbal for a stable image when tilting the camera angle
• 5-direction detection system to avoid collisions
• Geofencing to limit the drone in zones with flight restrictions

Disadvantages: 

• Does not fold in to reduce size
• Expensive
• Requires a special bag to transport safely

What Are Drones Used For in Real Estate?

Drones are used in real estate to capture images and videos of the property and landscape. For example, you can create a shot from the waterside towards a house without getting on a boat. 

You can also take footage from an upwards angle showing more of the property than if you were to do this at ground level. You can even record 360-degree video footage of the property. 

Drones photography is popular in both residential and commercial real estate.

How Do Drones Help Real Estate?

Drones allow real estate agents to show the lay of the land and the attractions around the property. They are also used to take pictures to create overhead site maps of areas. Drone videography can even be used to record a video tour of the property and its surroundings.

What to Consider With a Drone for Real Estate

According to FAA regulations, you must register any drone used for commercial purposes, and the user must acquire a drone pilot certificate. After that, you can use a drone to create footage as long as you abide by regulations and stay out of zones with flight restrictions. The DJI line of drones has a built-in geofencing system that automatically restricts the drone in such areas. 

Skill Level

Some drones come with a varying degree of obstacle avoidance sensors. This means the drone will automatically move out of the way or stop moving toward an object. 

Unfortunately, the fewer of these functions it has, the easier it is to crash your drone, resulting in damage. Your camera’s image stabilization also matters as this might increase the skill level required to film smooth footage.

Flight Time

Flight time is the number of minutes you can have your drone in the air on a single battery. Therefore, it is essential to make sure your batteries are charged before using your drone. 

While it would be inconvenient if it stopped halfway through your session, most drones will fly back to the user when the battery reaches critical levels. You can always buy extra batteries if you require longer sessions.

Camera Quality

Having a good camera increases the quality of your images. Generally, the diameter of the camera and the amount of Megapixels the camera can shoot at will determine the quality. Having stabilization technology will also create much sharper images when either the object or camera is moving.

Range

The operating range of a drone affects how far it can fly away from the user before input from the controller will no longer reach the drone. Therefore, if you fly your drone too far away or too high in the sky, you will not capture any footage or be able to control the drone. 

In the event that this happens, don’t worry! Most drones have a return home protocol and they will fly back to you on autopilot.

Choosing the Best Drone for Real Estate

There are a few things to consider when buying a drone for real estate. You should make your choice dependent on what you will be using the drone for and your skill in terms of controlling one. 

Some drones are more specialized than others. However, the DJI Air 2S is probably all-around the best bang for your buck. It has a great camera and some of the best functions and features without breaking the bank. 
But ultimately, the option is yours. For the latest information about aviation and more, check out Flying Magazine!

The post Best Drone for Real Estate appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Florida is home to many high-quality flight schools. With its great weather year-round and abundance of airports, many aspiring pilots come to this state in pursuit of their dreams. The following list contains six of the best flight schools in Florida with the sole focus on meeting your flying goals.

Quick Look: Flight Schools in Florida

• Kingsky Flight Academy
• Florida Flyers International Flight Academy
• Epic Flight Academy
• Paragon Flight Academy
• Pan Am Flight Academy (ATP CTP)
• Global Pilot Academy, Inc.

6 Flight Schools in Florida

Whether you’re 17 or 70, it is never too late to learn to fly. Listed herein are six of the best aviation schools in Florida, their tuition and fees, financial assistance options, program details, and more.

Kingsky Flight Academy

Kingsky Flight Academy has over 60 years of experience in training individuals on their journeys of becoming pilots. Owned and operated by two airline captains, Kingsky Flight Academy preaches safety and quality above all else. A big draw to this flight school are the connections and opportunities available upon flight training completion.

Location: Lakeland

Tuition and Fees:

• Part 61 private pilot: $8,060 to $9,460
• Part 61 commercial pilot: $2,790 to $8,060
• Part 141 private pilot: $8,700
• Part 141 commercial pilot: $19,305 to $24,030

Financial Assistance:

• Private student loans available
• Financial aid available for room and board, flight training costs, and tuition

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length:

• Self-paced
• Private, Commercial, and CFI programs each take three months, on average

Endorsements:

• Private pilot
• Instrument rating
• Commercial pilot, single engine
• Commercial pilot, multi engine add-on
• CFI
• CFII
• MEI
• ATP

School Size:

• Total students: 135
• Average class size: 1-on-1

Job Placement: No, but there are many connections and opportunities

Virtual Learning: No

Florida Flyers Flight Academy

Florida Flyers International Flight Academy is a top-rated flight school in Florida and one of the best in the country, with personalized 24-hour service to set up each student with everything they need and nothing they do not. Florida Flyers specializes in commercial pilot training and caters to both U.S. pilots and international flight students. Their main aim is to take pilots from having no experience to becoming commercial pilots, either single or multi engine, within 12 months.

Location: St. Augustine

Tuition and Fees:

• Total price of zero to commercial pilot, single engine: $36,663
• Total price of zero to commercial pilot, multi engine: $43,200

Financial Assistance:

• Scholarships, grants, loans, and work-study opportunities available
• Financing for tuition, visa fees, and living expenses available

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length: Approximately 12 months

Endorsements:

• Private pilot
• Instrument rating
• Commercial pilot, single engine
• Commercial pilot, multi-engine
• CFI
• ATP

School Size:

• Total students: 100
• Average class size: 1 instructor per 4 students

Job Placement: No

Virtual Learning: Yes, for certain ground school courses

Epic Flight Academy

Epic Flight Academy is a program directed at those wanting to become airline pilots. Epic Flight Academy boasts an impressive 100% hiring rate. They also offer many opportunities to instruct to get the necessary hours towards ATP minimums.

Location: New Smyrna Beach

Tuition and Fees:

• Zero experience to airline pilot: $67,000
• Private pilot starting instrument rating course: $46,000
• Private pilot with instrument rating starting commercial pilot course: $33,000

Financial Assistance: Private student loans available

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length: 24 months for pilots with zero experience

Endorsements:

• Private pilot
• Instrument rating
• Commercial pilot, single engine
• Commercial pilot, multi-engine
• CFI
• CFII
• MEI
• ATP

School Size:

• Total students: 250
• Average class size: 1 instructor per 3 students

Job Placement: Yes

Virtual Learning: Yes, for certain ground school courses

Paragon Flight Academy

Paragon Flight Academy offers a full gamut of pilot education options, from a private pilot license to an airline transport pilot. This flight school refers to all attendees as clients, not students, and aims to customize each client’s experience. While some programs can be completed in a week’s time, a pipeline from zero experience to full-time airline pilot is also available.

Location: Fort Myers

Tuition and Fees: A cost estimate is available after an evaluation of each client’s needs.

Financial Assistance: Yes

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length: A training timeline is available after an evaluation of each client’s needs.

Endorsements:

• Private pilot
• Instrument rating
• Commercial pilot, single engine
• Commercial pilot, multiengine
• CFI
• CFII
• MEI
• ATP

School Size:

• Total student: 150
• Average class size: 1 instructor per 3 or 4 students

Job Placement: No

Virtual Learning: No

Pan Am Flight Academy

Pan Am Flight Academy is a flight school for established pilots looking to get their Airline Transport Certification. Students must already have their 1,500 hours of flight and all other prerequisites completed before enrolling in the program. Pan Am Flight Academy is one of the best ATP schools in Florida.

Location: Miami

Tuition and Fees: $3,995

Financial Assistance: No

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length:

• As little as five days with use of simulators
• Actual duration of the program differs from person to person

Endorsements: ATP CTP

School Size:

• Total students: 50
• Average class size: 1 instructor for 4 students

Job Placement: No

Virtual Learning: No

Global Pilot Academy

Global Pilot Academy welcomes students from all around the world. They are known for assisting international students with their student visa applications, TSA clearances, and everything else needed to receive flight training in the United States, including housing options.

Location: Tampa

Tuition and Fees:

• Private pilot: $9,999
• Instrument rating: $8,999
• Commercial pilot, single-engine: $17,999
• Commercial pilot, multiengine: $5,999
• CFI: $4,999
• CFII: $2,999
• MEI: $6,299
• ATP: $60,999

Financial Assistance: Yes

Accreditation: Yes

Program Length:

• Private pilot: 110 hour, 6-8 weeks
• Instrument rating: 115 hours, 6-8 weeks
• Commercial pilot, single-engine: 200 hours
• Commercial pilot, multiengine: 45 hours
• CFI: 73 hours
• CFII: 40 hours
• MEI: 50 hours
• ATP: 255 hours, 12-14 months

Endorsements:

• Private pilot
• Instrument rating
• Commercial pilot, single engine
• Commercial pilot, multiengine
• CFI
• CFII
• MEI
• ATP

School Size:

• Total students: 100-150
• Average class size: 1 instructor per 3 or 4 students

Job Placement: Yes

Virtual Learning: No

How Does Flight School Training in Florida Work?

Flight training in Florida is like everywhere else, but the good weather allows for more flying days, resulting in expedited training for many students. There are also a lot of flying options in Florida, compared to other locations, especially for those looking to become professional pilots.

How Long Is Flight School?

The time requirements necessary to qualify to be an airline pilot are extremely high (i.e., 1,500 hours), but most flight schools do their best to have students and instructors in the air as much as possible. Many of these programs can take a zero-experience pilot to an airline pilot in under two years.

Training for International Students

Non-U.S. citizens wishing to conduct flight training in the U.S. must enroll in the Flight Training Security Program and undergo a security threat assessment. In addition, these students must possess an appropriate visa to receive flight training for a certificate or rating. Other basic requirements must also be met, such as meeting the minimum age requirement, being able to speak, read, write, and understand English, as well as passing an FAA medical exam.

Florida Flight School Facts and Figures

The following list outlines the things that should be considered when comparing and selecting the best flying schools in Florida.

Number of Schools

Florida is a big-time aviation hub, offering year-round trainable weather. It is no surprise the state has more than 125 flight training schools for aspiring pilots to choose from.

Number of Students Per Class

Some flying schools in Florida boast a 1:1 instructor to student ratio, however, the norm is 1:3 or 1:4 with none reporting higher than 1:6.

Tuition Rates

Most flight schools in Florida offer customized rates depending on what license or rating a student is seeking. For the pilots looking to go from no experience to being an airline pilot, the fees range between $60,000 and $120,000.

Loans

Most flight schools in Florida allow for federal or private student loans to fund pilot training. Most student loans have the same terms for flight training as they would for any other 4-year degree.

Scholarships

Most flight schools in Florida do not offer scholarships directly. However, students can seek scholarships from other entities and use the funds to pay for flight training.

Job Placement

With many airlines headquartered in Florida, as well as a large military and government aviation presence (e.g., NASA), job placement numbers from Florida flight schools are very high.

Florida Pilot Employment Facts and Figures

For many pilots across the globe being a pilot has busy seasons and not-so-busy seasons. This is not the case in Florida due to its favorable weather and robust aviation industry presence.

Employment

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, Florida is the number five employer of full-time airline pilots in the U.S., equaling about 7,130 pilots total as of May 2023. This certainly accounts for some of the reasons behind all the flight schools in Florida. Some of the major employers of pilots in Florida include Spirit Airlines, Delta Airlines, and the U.S. Military.

Salary

Airline pilot salary in Florida is the fourth highest in the country, averaging $283,740 per year in 2023. 

If you are considering a career as an airline pilot, it is essential to do your research and explore opportunities with various airlines or employers. Every organization has their unique pay structures that may vary based on location, skills, and years of experience.

Is Florida Good for Pilot Training?

Whether the pilot shortage is over or not, as long as there is an aviation industry, there will be a demand for pilots. One of the first decisions any aspiring pilot must make is where to pursue their flying goals. With plenty of options, sufficient weather all year-round, and many potential employers nearby, Florida is one of the best options for pilot training.

To stay up to speed on all things aviation, subscribe to FLYING Magazine and our free newsletter.

The post Commercial Airline Flight Schools in Florida appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

What are the strange white cone structures located in fields and what do they have to do with aviation? Although they’ve been around since the 1930s and widely in use since the 1970s, Very High Frequency Omni-Directional Range (VOR) stations are rare enough to seem foreign to those who are unfamiliar with them.

VOR navigation consists of ground-based components, called stations, as well as receivers, which are installed on most aircraft. Long before GPS was available for aircraft navigation, VORs guided aviators around the world. Although this is an aging technology and many VORs are being decommissioned, VORs still play an important role in aviation. The VOR infrastructure is slowly being repurposed to serve as a backup navigation service during GPS outages.

This backup infrastructure is known as the VOR Minimum Operational Network (VOR MON). According to the FAA’s Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM), “the key concept of the VOR MON is to ensure that an aircraft will always be within 100 nm of an airport with an instrument approach that is not dependent on GPS.”

FAA knowledge tests and private pilot practical tests still include some discussions of VOR navigation. When going over the elements of a sectional chart, an examiner may point out a blue circle with radial marks and ask what it is. Private pilot and instrument rating candidates may be asked to explain the difference between a VOR, a VOR/DME, and a VORTAC.

This article will discuss what a VOR is and how VOR navigation works. 

What Are VORs?

VOR is a type of navigation aid (navaid) that uses very high frequency radio signals emitted by radio beacons. VOR stations broadcast three letter identifiers in Morse code. Because VOR signals have a range of about 200 miles, it is possible for an aircraft to receive multiple VOR signals. Therefore, it is necessary that pilots identify the correct VOR before navigating to it. In some cases, a voice signal is broadcast with the station name along with recorded advisories.

There are about 3,000 VOR stations worldwide, however, the number of VORs in the U.S. is declining. In the last decade the FAA has identified underutilized and redundant VOR stations, which no longer provide adequate benefit to justify their costs.

In a 2024 update, the FAA stated it would discontinue approximately 303 VORs in the contiguous U.S. by 2030. When a VOR is decommissioned, it is replaced with a GPS-based intersection and GPS-based airways. Therefore, the effect of decommissioning VORs is minimal for most pilots.

What Is a VOR Approach in Aviation?

A VOR approach is an instrument approach that uses a VOR navaid to provide course guidance to pilots.The VOR operates in the frequency range of 108.0 to 117.95 MHz and has the power output necessary to provide coverage within its assigned operational service volumes. However, it is subject to line-of-sight restrictions and the range varies proportionally to the altitude of the receiving equipment.

The VOR sends out two signals, a stationary master signal (reference phase) and a rotating variable signal (variable phase). An aircraft’s VOR antenna picks up these signals and transfers them to the receiver in the flight deck. The VOR receiver compares the difference between the variable and reference phases to determine the aircraft’s bearing from the station. This bearing corresponds to the radial the aircraft is on.

Every VOR approach is non-precision, meaning there is no vertical guidance signal from the VOR. As a result, pilots must manage their descents and altitudes manually during a VOR approach under instrument flight rules (IFR). 

The final approach course is charted based on a radial from or to a nearby VOR. After flying a procedure turn or receiving vectors to final, pilots descend along a series of fixes to minimum published altitudes on an approach chart. 

The minimum descent altitude (MDA) is reached along the final segment of the approach. Pilots maintain this altitude until they can see the runway environment. If the runway is visible, they continue the descent to land; otherwise, they follow missed approach procedures. 

VOR Components and Features

VOR components include the ground component and the aircraft component. The ground component transmits signals to the aircraft component.

Antenna and VHF

Aircraft equipment includes a VOR antenna, a VOR frequency selector such as the Bendix/King KNS 80 or the Garmin GNC 355, and a flight deck instrument to display the course information—either a Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) or Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI).

Hand-held VOR transceivers may also be used. Some general aviation and all transport aircraft have multiple independent VOR systems. VOR navigation is also incorporated into many integrated flight decks along with GPS navigation equipment, offering pilots the flexibility of both systems.

Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)

It is common for distance measuring equipment (DME) to be co-located with a VOR station. DME equipment uses a UHF (L-band) transmitter/receiver (interrogator) in the aircraft and a UHF (L-band) receiver/transmitter (transponder) on the ground to measure distance from a station, giving pilots an indication of the aircraft’s distance from the VOR station.

DME is a “slant distance”—a straight line from the station to the aircraft receiver. An aircraft 1 nm laterally from the station would receive the same DME indication as an aircraft 1 nm, or about 6,000 feet, directly above the station. A VOR station with a collocated DME is called a VOR/DME.

As VORs are becoming decommissioned, there are some instances of standalone DMEs popping up on sectional charts, such as the Goodsprings DME (GOG), which can be utilized by advanced navigational systems in airliners and some corporate aircraft.

VOR navigation technology uses a ground-based antenna at a station to send a directional signal that rotates clockwise 30 times a second, or 360 degrees in azimuth. A reference signal is also emitted timed to be in phase with the directional signal as the directional signal passes magnetic north.

The “phase difference” between the reference signal and the directional signal is the bearing from the station to the aircraft position. This bearing or line of position is called the VOR radial and can be used to fix the position of the aircraft towards the station. 

Advantages of VOR Navigation

GPS is far more reliable than VOR navigation with global coverage and no ground station location or maintenance required. Going forward, the advantage of VORs will be realized as a backup system in the event of GPS outages or failures.

Disadvantages of VOR Navigation

VOR navigation is limited by range and terrain. It also requires a ground station with its associated power and maintenance requirements. As a short to medium range system, VOR navigation is more limited than space-based GPS navigation, which can be established solely on waypoints.

VOR signals may also suffer interference from thunderstorms and the lower accuracy requires instrument approaches based on VOR signals to have higher weather requirements and minimum descent altitudes. 

VOR vs VORTAC

A common practical test question asks about the difference between a VOR and a VORTAC. A VORTAC is simply a VOR with a co-located tactical air navigation system (TACAN), which is a navigation system used by military aircraft.

Both VOR and VORTAC navaids can be used by general aviation pilots, though civilian pilots should be alert for Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMs) specific to the VOR side of the facility when combined with a TACAN, as the systems run independently despite sharing an identifier.

Stay Up to Date With the Latest in VOR and GPS Navigation 

Navigational aids are necessary to provide pilots with guidance on the location and direction of flight. Understanding VORs and GPS is critical for pilots flying in busy airspaces, whether local or across the country.

As the airspace system and navigational aids change, pilots must stay up to date. FLYING Magazine provides resources for pilots in all stages of flight training and flying. To stay informed on all of the latest in aviation, subscribe to FLYING today.

The post What Is VOR in Aviation, & How Does It Work? appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Today’s Top Pick is a 1968 Beechcraft E95 Travel Air.

It is safe to say that many, if not most, piston-single pilots at some point consider the prospect of flying a light twin. Many decide against it because of the added expense, complexity, training requirements, or because their typical missions would not benefit much from a second engine.

In some cases, though, such as when pilots regularly make long flights over water, mountainous terrain or at night, a light twin offers a significant measure of safety and flexibility. In a word, a twin gives the pilot options.

The Beechcraft Travel Air occupies a sweet spot between more powerful twins like the Cessna 310 and models like the Piper Apache, which can struggle to stay aloft on a single engine.

While burning just a bit more fuel than a high-performance piston single and offering easier single-engine handling than some other twins, the Travel Air makes a good case for people who use their aircraft for serious travel. It is fast enough and carries enough of a load to get a family of four or five to their destination sooner and safer than a single. 

This 1968 Travel Air has 4,099 hours on the airframe, 110 hours on each of its Lycoming IO-360 engines with 101 hours on the right propeller since overhaul and seven hours on the left. The aircraft is equipped with RayJay turbo-normalizing systems and hot props for de-icing. Its fuel capacity is 104 gallons and useful load totals 1,178 pounds. Other features include vortex generators and Brackett air filters. 

The panel includes an Aspen Evolution EFD 1000 PFD, Garmin G5 HSI, Apollo SL 15 audio panel and SL 30 digital Comm radio, Garmin GMX 200 MFD, Garmin GNS 430 WAAS GPS/Nav/Comm, Garmin Gi 208 glide slope/VOR/localizer indicator, King KR 87 ADF, Garmin GTX 330 transponder with traffic, Stormscope, angle of attack indicator, S-Tec 60-2 autopilot, EDM 700 engine monitor, and Collins microline digital DME.

Pilots looking for a light twin with performance, economy and practicality that make it an ideal personal transport, should consider this 1968 Beechcraft E95 Travel Air, which is available for $159,000 on AircraftForSale.

If you’re interested in financing, you can do so with FLYING Finance. Use their airplane loan calculator to calculate your estimated monthly payments. Or, to speak with an aviation finance specialist, visit flyingfinance.com.

• FLYING Magazine: Things to Think About When Moving Up to a Light Twin
• FLYING Magazine: Wrong Worry in Twins Versus Singles
• Plane & Pilot: Beech Travel Air
• The Aviation Consumer: Beech 95 Travel Air

The post This 1968 Beechcraft E95 Travel Air Is a Comfortably Redundant ‘AircraftForSale’ Top Pick appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

How are Private Jet Charter Prices Calculated?

A private jet flight is billed by the hour, so the overall cost will be the hours of flight multiplied by the cost per hour. For example, if you have a 3-hour flight at $3,500 per hour, the base fare for the flight will be $10,500. In addition to the base fee, for most flights you will also have to pay miscelaneous fees such as car rental, catering, landing fees, taxes, and other fees which will make the overall cost higher.

Primarily, there are four main factors that go into how private jet charter prices are calculated:

• The type of aircraft chartered
• The flight distance (calculated in nautical miles)
• Time of year
• Additional services

Factors That Affect Private Jet Rental Cost

Before you start getting quotes on a private jet charter flight, let’s look at the factors that influence the overall cost of a private jet charter. These factors include the type of aircraft, flight distance, time of travel, and additional services requested. 

Type of Aircraft for your charter

There are various types of private jets to choose from, each with their own specifications and price range. The cost of your charter flight largely depends on the size and level of luxury you prefer. Turboprops or smaller jets, such as Very Light Jets (VLJs), offer a more economical option, whereas larger, more luxurious jets, like Heavy Jets, can cost significantly more. For instance, if you are to charter a Pilatus PC-12 it would cost less per hour than the Gulfstream G650.

Number of People Traveling

When considering the cost of a private jet charter, the number of people on board significantly affects the overall price. As the number of passengers increases, the size and type of aircraft required also changes, leading to a higher cost.

Flight Distance

Flight distance and time also play a significant role in determining the cost of your private jet charter. Longer flights typically require larger aircraft with higher fuel capacities, increasing the overall cost. Since you pay by the hour, you have to sometimes optimize for speed traveled or economics. A good charter broker will help you make an informed decision.

Time of Travel and Additional Services

The time of your travel can also affect the cost of your private jet charter. Peak travel seasons and holidays may result in higher demand, leading to increased prices. Most private jet charter operators will help you avoid the dates that are peak season, so its best to have flexible travel plans by a day or two to help lower the cost of your trip.

In addition to the cost of the pilots and the aircraft cost, some private jet companies offer additional services to enhance the experience. Some, like a flight attendant, may be federally regulated based on the size of the aircraft. Others, like in flight catering, can be optional but enhance the experience greatly and compared to the flight time, are a small portion of the overall cost.

Some of the additional costs include:

• Ground transportation including rental car or limo services
• In-flight catering, including food and drink
• Flight attendant costs
• Special accommodations
• Which airport you choose to land at

How do I find a cheap private jet rental?

When it comes to private jet charters, the term “cheap” is relative. While it’s true that private jets are generally more expensive than commercial flights, there are ways to find more affordable options. The key is knowing where to look and how to calculate the costs.

Empty-Leg Flights: How do they work?

An empty leg charter flight is a term used in the private jet industry to describe a one-way flight that has no passengers on board. This happens when a private jet has been chartered for a one-way trip and needs to return to its home base or another destination without any passengers. The term “empty leg” refers to the fact that the aircraft is flying without any paying passengers, making it an “empty” flight.

 Empty leg charter flights can be a cost-effective way to fly on a private jet, as the operator may offer the flight at a discounted rate in order to offset some of the costs of the empty leg. This can be a win-win situation for both the operator and the customer, as the operator is able to generate some revenue on an otherwise empty flight, and the customer is able to fly on a private jet at a lower cost than they would normally pay.

However, it’s important to note that empty leg charter flights are not always available, as they are dependent on the specific travel plans of other customers. In addition, the timing and routing of an empty leg flight may not always align with a customer’s travel needs, so it’s important to be flexible and open to different options when considering an empty leg charter flight.

Typical Fee Structures on a Private Jet Charter Calculator

When you look at your invoice, the following charges may be itemized on your final invoice to show how much each part costs.

Different types of aircraft available for private jet charters

When it comes to chartering a private business jet, there are various types available, each offering unique features and capabilities to cater to different travel needs. Here are the main categories of business jets commonly available for charter, along with a data table showcasing examples of popular aircraft within each category, along with their estimated hourly charter costs:

Very Light Jets (VLJs) for Charter

Very light jets, are compact aircraft designed for shorter trips. They typically accommodate four to seven passengers and are ideal for regional travel or quick business trips. VLJs are known for their agility, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to operate from shorter runways, providing access to a wider range of airports. Some examples include:

Light Jets Available for Charter

Light jets offer a step up in size, range, and performance compared to VLJs. They can accommodate six to nine passengers and provide increased comfort and amenities. Light jets are suitable for both short and medium-haul flights, offering enhanced speed and range capabilities. They are often chosen for business travel, combining efficiency with a luxurious travel experience. Some examples include:

Midsize Jets for Private Jet Charter

Midsize jets provide a balance between cabin space and range capabilities. With seating capacities ranging from seven to nine passengers, these jets offer greater interior comfort and amenities. Midsize jets are well-suited for longer flights, providing sufficient range to reach various destinations. Some examples include:

Super Midsize Jets for Private Jet Charter

Super midsize jets offer an enhanced range and larger cabin space compared to midsize jets. With seating capacities ranging from eight to ten passengers, they provide increased comfort, extended range, and additional amenities. Some examples include:

Large Cabin Jets Available for Private Jet Charter

Large cabin jets are designed to offer spacious and luxurious interiors for long-range travel. With seating capacities ranging from nine to sixteen passengers, these jets provide ample room for passengers to work, relax, and enjoy their journey. Some examples include:

Long-Range Business Jets for Private Jet Charter

Long-range jets offer excellent range capabilities, allowing for nonstop travel on intercontinental routes. These jets typically have spacious cabins and luxurious amenities to ensure a comfortable and productive journey. With seating capacities ranging from ten to sixteen passengers, long-range jets provide the flexibility to reach various global destinations. Some examples include

Ultra-Long-Range Jets for Private Jet Charter

Ultra-long-range jets are at the top end of the business jet spectrum, offering the utmost in luxury, range, and performance. These jets can carry passengers on nonstop flights over vast distances, including transoceanic routes. With seating capacities typically ranging from ten to nineteen passengers, ultra-long-range jets provide luxurious amenities, spacious cabins, and often feature state-of-the-art technology. Some of the examples include:

FAQs About Private Jet Charter Cost Calculators

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True altitude is the reference altitude for many aeronautical charts, obstacles, and other points; it is critical to know and understand it when piloting any aircraft. True altitude is defined by the FAA as “the height above mean sea level (msl).” This means true altitude is the distance between an airplane at altitude and the average height of the oceans worldwide, which is determined by using still or calm water measurements to avoid fluctuations caused by waves or wind.

Understanding true altitude allows pilots to interpret geographical elevations, determine aircraft performance, and assess atmospheric conditions. By knowing how to calculate true altitude, pilots can effectively avoid midair collisions and ensure safe flight operations from takeoff through landing.

How Do You Calculate True Altitude?

There are two techniques used to calculate true altitude. To calculate true altitude over water, pilots can use a radar or a radio altimeter and simply measure the altitude over the water. This technique is similar to calculating the absolute altitude and may not always be completely accurate.

The other technique of calculating true altitude involves a formula using the airplane’s indicated altitude and the temperature. Per the FAA, indicated altitude is “the altitude shown on the altimeter.” The True Altitude from Indicated Altitude and Temperature formula is True Altitude = Indicated Altitude + (ISA Deviation × 4/1,000 × Indicated Altitude). This formula accounts for the loss of 4 feet of altitude for each 1°C deviation for every 1,000 feet. The ISA Deviation is the atmospheric pressure.

How Do Pressure Variations Affect True Altitude?

The atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases and with the altitude changes, there are often temperature changes as well. An airplane’s altimeter was designed to perform at its best at standard pressures and standard temperatures. When non-standard pressures and temperatures exist, they can affect the reading of the airplane’s indicated altitude. Because indicated altitude is used to calculate true altitude, this can cause the true altitude to be inaccurate.

Under Which Condition Will Pressure Altitude Be Equal to True or Indicated Altitude?

While it is rare for indicated or true altitude and pressure altitude to be equal, if the local barometric pressure is 29.92 inHg, then they could be the same. All aircrafts in the U.S. and Canada flying 18,000 feet above the mean sea level are required to have the same altimeter settings of 29.92 inHg. This allows them to be on the same flight levels, even though ground and sea levels are constantly changing below them.

How Is True Altitude Affected by Temperature?

Temperature affects true altitude in the same way as pressure does. Temperatures that are too hot or too cold cause the airplane’s indicated altitude to be off, which in turn affects the true altitude calculations.

Under What Condition Will True Altitude Be Lower Than Indicated Altitude?

Colder temperatures cause true altitude to be lower than indicated altitude. The lower the temperature, the lower the true altitude. Adding in the proper temperature corrections can be crucial in ensuring an airplane clears all obstacles and terrain along its flight path.

What Is the Difference Between True Altitude and Calibrated Altitude?

Calibrated altitude is indicated altitude corrected for position and instrument errors. Aircraft manufacturers are required to publish a calibration table in the aircraft manual to determine the corrections to be applied to calculate the calibrated altitude. In practice, however, because the corrections are so minimal, it is often assumed that the calibrated altitude and indicated altitude are roughly equal. True altitude is then calibrated or indicated altitude corrected for temperature error.

What Is the Difference Between Absolute Altitude and True Altitude?

There is one major difference between absolute altitude and true altitude. Per the FAA, absolute altitude is “the height above ground level (agl),” while true altitude is “the height above mean sea level (MSL).” While vertical distance is what is measured for both altitudes, the absolute altitude constantly changes with the ground level directly below it.

Example of True Altitude

A great example of calculating true altitude comes from the resources at PPLA Education. 

True Altitude = Indicated Altitude + (ISA Deviation × 4/1,000 × Indicated Altitude)

Example: Indicated Altitude is 20,000 feet.SAT is minus-35°C. What is True Altitude?

ISA at FL 200 is minus-25°C, so our SAT of minus-35°C is ISA minus-10°C.

Substituting into the above equation:

True Altitude = 20,000 + ( – 10 × 4/1,000 × 20,000)

True Altitude = 20,000 + ( – 800 ) = 19,200 feet

The 5 Types of Altitude

Being able to safely pilot an aircraft requires both a lot of knowledge and experience. From the very early days of flight training, pilots learn of the five different types of altitudes and how understanding them can be critical for safe and efficient flying.

Indicated Altitude

Indicated altitude is the altitude shown on the altimeter. It is what the altimeter reads when the local pressure (altimeter setting) is set in the Kollsman window.

True Altitude

True altitude is the height above msl. It is the distance between an airplane at altitude and the average height of the oceans worldwide, which is determined by using still or calm water measurements to avoid fluctuations caused by waves or wind.

Absolute Altitude

Absolute altitude is the height agl. It is similar to true altitude; however, instead of being measured from the mean sea level, absolute altitude is measured from the ground level, which is always changing.

Pressure Altitude

Pressure altitude is the indicated altitude when an altimeter is set to 29.92 inHg (1013 hPa in other parts of the world). In other words, it is the height above a Standard Datum Plane (SDP), which is a theoretical level where the air pressure equals 29.92 inHg. It is primarily used in aircraft performance calculations and in high-altitude flight, such as Class A airspace.

Density Altitude

Density altitude is pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature variations. As temperature and altitude increase, air density decreases. In a sense, it is the altitude at which the airplane “feels” its flying.

Indicated Altitude vs. True Altitude

While indicated altitude is used to calculate true altitude, it is also true the two altitudes can be the same in a rare scenario. If the local barometric pressure is 29.92 inHg, then indicated and true altitudes should be the same. Simply setting the airplane’s altimeter to the proper setting helps pilots avoid many issues, but ensuring they are also prepared to make corrections for temperature variations is key to safe and successful operations. 

Be Confident of Your Aircraft’s Altitude, No Matter What’s Below You

Wherever you plan to fly, knowing the difference in the types of altitudes and how to accurately calculate them is a necessary piece to being a great pilot. No matter the temperature, with the right information, you can be sure of your true altitude in any environment.

Whether you are new to aviation or you are touching up as an expert, FLYING Magazine has it all. Subscribe today and always have the formulas and information you need for a safe flight. 

FAQ

Is flight level true altitude?

No, the main difference between true altitude and flight level altitude is the reference point used to measure them. True altitude is the vertical distance of the aircraft above mean sea level (msl), while flight level altitude is measured in 100-foot increments above the standard datum plane and uses QNE or pressure altitude as reference.

What affects true altitude?

When the ambient (at altitude) temperature is colder than standard, the aircraft’s true altitude is lower than the indicated barometric altitude. On hot days, when the ambient temperature is warmer than the standard day, the aircraft’s true altitude is higher than the indicated barometric altitude.

Is GPS altitude true altitude?

No, true altitude is the vertical distance of an aircraft above mean sea level (msl), while GPS altitude values are measured based on a different reference called an ellipsoid. The ellipsoid can be offset from true altitude by up to 100 meters, depending on the location.

The post What Is True Altitude and How Do You Calculate It? appeared first on FLYING Magazine.

Interested in becoming a pilot? Finding a flight school that fits your needs the best and is also in the location you want is important. Here are FLYING’s top picks for flight schools in California. Visit FLYING’s Flight School Guide for more information on more than 100 flight schools, colleges, and universities with flight programs.

Quick Look: Flight Schools in California

• ATP 
• California Aeronautical University
• Mt. San Antonio College
• NorCal Flight Center LLC
• Coast Flight Training

5 Flight Schools in California

Whether you are looking to become a professional pilot with or without a degree, here are FLYING’s top choices for some of the best flight schools in California.

ATP Flight School

ATP Flight School is the largest flight training organization in the U.S. and has been around for more than 35 years. ATP’s nationwide network of 77 training centers are located in 33 states, including eight in California. The all-inclusive tuition makes ATP attractive to pilots looking to get the best bang for their buck. 

• Locations: 
  • Camarillo (KCMA)
  • Carlsbad (KCRQ)
  • Long Beach (KLGB)
  • Livermore (KLVK)
  • Los Angeles (KPOC)
  • Riverside (KRAL)
  • Sacramento (KSAC)
  • San Diego (KMYF)

Tuition & fees: ATP Flight School tuition is all-inclusive. This means it includes all flight instruction, FAA written, oral and practical exams, and ratings and certificates. The all-inclusive tuition is $108,995 for students with no private pilot certificate and $86,995 for students who have already completed their private certificate.

Financial assistance: ATP Flight School does not offer any in-house scholarships, but it does offer in-house financing for students looking to spread out payments. Students may also apply for outside aviation scholarships to help mitigate the cost. 

Accreditation? Yes, this flight school is an FAA Part 141 school.

Program length: 6 months minimum

Partners: The school has partnerships with many airlines to help students transition to the airlines easier. Some of those airlines include United, Delta, and Spirit. 

Job placement? Yes

Virtual learning? No

See the full review of the ATP Program at FLYING’s Flight School Guide

California Aeronautical University

Offering an associate or bachelor’s degree in the professional pilot track, California Aeronautical University is one of the best options for a student looking to attend a school in California, pursue a degree, and become a professional pilot. CAU is one of the only colleges in California that offers a rotor-wing track for students. 

Locations:  Bakersfield, Oxnard, and San Diego

Tuition and fees: CAU student pilots are required to pursue either an associate or bachelor’s degree concurrently. Because of this, students are required to pay both academic tuition and flight fees. Over the course of earning their degree and training, flight students will pay between $195,000 and $235,000 depending on if they are in-state or out-of-state students.

Financial assistance: CAU offers many scholarships for students to apply for. The school also accepts veterans’ benefits for flight programs, including the post-9/11 GI Bill and the Yellow Ribbon program.

Accreditation? Yes, this flight school is an FAA Part 141 school.

Program length: 24 to 48 months depending on the student and if they are pursuing an associate or bachelor’s degree. 

Partners: The school has partnerships with many airlines to help students build relationships with the airlines easier. Some of those airlines include Delta, Southwest, and United.

Job placement? Yes

Virtual learning? No

Considering CAU? Read the full California Aeronautical University Review

Mt. San Antonio College

Mt. San Antonio College is an FAA Part 141-approved school that offers associate degree and certificate programs for students interested in working in the aviation industry. Located in Walnut, California, Mt. San Antonio College is one of the top flight school options in Southern California.

Location: Walnut

Tuition and fees: Mt. San Antonio College students are required to pursue an associate degree concurrently with flight training. Because of this, students are required to pay both academic tuition and flight fees. Over the course of earning their degree and flight training,  students will pay between $81,000 and $105,000 depending on if they are in-state or out-of-state students.

Financial Assistance: Mt. San Antonio College offers traditional financial aid through the FAFSA but does not have any aviation specific scholarships. Students may also apply for outside aviation scholarships to help mitigate the cost. 

Accreditation: Mt. San Antonio College is an FAA Part 141-approved school.

Program length: Two-year program

Partners: No airline partners 

Job placement? No

Virtual learning? No

See how Mt. San Antonio College stacked up against the competition.

NorCal Flight Center LLC

NorCal Flight Center is an option for students who want to complete flight training at their own pace and budget. The school does not require any degree pursuance and has no set timeline for program completion. The northern California location offers weather that is typically agreeable to flight training all year round. 

Location: Lincoln

Tuition and fees: Completion of each stage of training at NorCal Flight Center varies in price depending on how many hours of instruction are needed to complete the rating. On average, students will pay about $25,000 per rating, adding up to a total of around $125,000 to complete certificates and ratings up to certified flight instructor. 

Financial assistance: NorCal Flight Center does not have any in-house scholarships but it does offer in-house financing for students looking to spread out payments. Students may also apply for outside aviation scholarships to help mitigate the cost. 

Accreditation: Part 61

Program length: Each rating takes roughly two to three months to complete at a minimum. All five ratings and certificates will take around 15 months to complete. 

Partners: None

Job placement? No

Virtual learning? No

Coast Flight Training

Coast Flight Training has a wide variety of flight training options and a large fleet of over 60 aircraft. They offer a full-length professional pilot training program in partnership with American Airlines, as well as more casual self-paced general aviation training. Coast is also one of only 10 aviation schools in California that are certified Cirrus Training Centers for specialized training programs in Cirrus aircraft.

Location: San Diego

Tuition and fees: For the professional pilot Flight Academy, tuition is all-inclusive at a flat rate of $99,400. 

Financial assistance: Coast Flight has several loan partners available to help their students secure financing.

Accreditation: Both Part 61 and 141 training options are available.

Program length: Most cadets graduate from their career pilot program in 12 months.

Partners: American Airlines, SkyWest Airlines, Envoy, Mesa Airlines, United Express

Job placement? Yes

Virtual learning? No

California Flight School Facts and Figures

When choosing a flight school, you need to consider multiple factors such as tuition, job placement assistance, and financial aid. 

Number of Schools

California hosts more than 100 flight schools. While there may be a lot of schools to choose from, not all of them will fit your style of learning or your budget. If you are looking for a flight school that is Part 141 accredited, this number drops to less than 20. Part 141 flight schools are usually more involved in the job placement process of their students and also tend to have faster completion times. 

Whether you want to obtain a private pilot license or become a flight instructor, many of the best flight schools in California have multiple training options to fit different flying goals. It’s important to define your top priorities so you can find the right fit for you.

Number of Students per Class

On average, a flight school ground class at a Part 141 school will have roughly 15 to 20 students. Part 61 schools normally train on more of a 1:1 basis. All flight training, at either type of school, will be 1-to-1 with an instructor.

Training Tuition Rates

Flight schools range in price depending on the type of program you attend and where the program is located. In California, accelerated flight programs run around $100,000 all in, while flight schools that have a degree program attached to them will run a little more, between $100,000 to $200,000. Part 61 flight schools may be lower cost up front, but because of the less structured classes and possibly less frequent flight lessons, the student could end up paying more in the long run. 

Average Loan Amount

The average loan amount to complete flight training in California is around $75,000. This is assuming students pay a little out of pocket or get some financial aid to cover the remaining cost. 

Scholarship

Some schools offer in-house scholarships for flight students which can be a great way to help mitigate tuition costs. If the school you are attending does not have any specific flight training scholarships, outside aviation scholarships may also be available. VA benefits are a popular way flight students can pay for training. If you plan on using VA benefits, ensure that your school accepts them prior to enrolling.

Job Placement

Flight schools and colleges may lend a hand in job placement after training is completed. Airline partnerships can also give students the upper hand in finding a job after graduation. To find out if the school you are interested in has any partnerships, visit its website.

California Pilot Employment Facts and Figures

When researching what company to fly for upon completing your flight training, stay on top of the facts and figures of California pilots.

Employment 

Many airlines have hubs in California, making it a great place to look for a career as a pilot. Some of the top employers of pilots in California are:

Salary

Salaries for pilots vary depending on the airline/company you work for and if you are a first officer or a captain. Most students out of flight school will be a first officer at their first airline and start at roughly $50,000 to $70,000 their first year.

Picking a flight school can feel overwhelming, but getting all the information before enrolling in a program can help you find the right school for you. If you would like to explore more options, check out FLYING’s Flight School Guide and subscribe to FLYING magazine to stay informed on all things aviation. 

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